Medicaid とは？ ①

What is Medicaid?
Medicaid is a means-tested health and medical services program for certain individuals and families with low incomes and few resources. Primary oversight of the program is handled at the federal level, but each state:
* Establishes its own eligibility standards
* Determines the type, amount, duration, and scope of services
* Sets the rate of payment for services, and
* Administers its own Medicaid program.
メディケイドは所得審査のある、低所得者向けの医療サービスプログラムです。一義的には政府が管理しますが、各州が所得基準や給付金額、サービス内容等を定め、メディケイドを運営します。


What service are provided with Medicaid?
Although the States are the final deciders of what their Medicaid plans provide, there are some mandatory federal requirement that must be met by the States in order to receive federal matching funds. Required services include:
* Inpatient hospital services
* Outpatient hospital services
* Prenatal care
* Vaccines for children
* Physician services
* Nursing facility services for persons aged 21 or older
* Family planning services and supplies
* Rural health clinic services
* Home health care for persons eligible for skilled-nursing services
* Laboratory and x-ray services
* Pediatric and family nurse practioners services
* Nurse-midwife services
* Federally quailfied health-center(FQHC) services and ambulatory services
* Early and periodic screening, diagnostic, and treatment (EPSDT) for children under age 21
メディケイドの中身は州が最終的に決めますが、政府から補助を受けるにはいくつか要件があります。入退院、出産、子供へのワクチン、医師、２１才以上への看護施設など。

States may also provide optional services and still receive Federal matching funds. The most common of the 34 approved optional Medicaid services are:
* Diagnostic services
* Clinic services
* Intermediate care facilities for the mentally retarded (ICFs/MR)
* Prescribed drugs and prosthetic devices
* Optometrist services and eyeglasses
* Nursing facility services for children under age 21
* Transportation services
* Rehabilitation and physical therapy services
* Home and community-based care to certain person with chronic impairments
州は任意でサービスを追加することもできます。34種の認められたメディケイド任意サービスのうち主なものは以下です。診断、診療所、検眼と眼鏡、搬送、慢性機能障害への在宅・地域ケアなど。

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/medicare-medicaid/